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August 29, 2003

Statute of Limitations in Trademark Cases - FORDWORLD.COM

6th Circuit decision upholding an award of punitive damages under ACPA against an individual who registered the name FORDWORLD.COM and attempted to sell it to Ford Motors. The case provides stautory construction as to how to apply ACPA to domain names registered prior to the enacment date of ACPA (November 1, 1999).  Also, while courts may sometimes apply analogous state statute of limitation to federal actions, there is no statute of limitations applied to Lanham Act actions.


Aside: FORD is up there with DELTA and UNITED in the list of well-known marks that are not exclusive.  This fact is usually deployed in the domain name debate in the context: "how do we know that the registrant of FORDxxxxx.COM targeted Ford Motors and not Ford Models, for example.  Well, in this case, the registrant sent an email to the CEO of Ford offering to sell the name.


Ford Motor Company  v. Peter Catalanotte,  No. 00-75260, (6th Cir. August 28, 2003).


          

Verisign and Wait List Service

A not-flattering article on Verisign's Wait List Service via The Register.  As mentioned here earlier in a piece about the skeletons of domain names, the Register article points out that a lot of the demand for expired domain names stems from a desire to utilize the pre-existing network of links and bookmarks to the domain name, a network that becomes obsolete (and mis-leading) when ownership of the domain name changes hands.

Knock-offs Are Rip-offs

Here are two very different treatments of the knock-off problem.

This is an article from the Washington Post reporting on the "Get Real" campaign by the interior design industry making the business case against customers purchasing knock-offs: inferior manufacture means less value to the customer.  That's the real Herman Miller Noguchi table pictured right.


In contrast, here is what in my view is the irresponsible piece from the Rocky Mountain News I mentioned yesterday making the case for buying infringing merchandise and actually providing URLs for websites that sell what at first glance looks like infringing merchandise.


I will be surprised if the Rocky Mountain piece stays online past the weekend.  They are likely to hear from LVMH, Burberry or Dooney and Bourke by then.


The fact that style columnists for a major city daily could run a piece like this illustrates two points:


The moral argument against purchasing knock-offs does not resonate with a significant part of the population (but looking at the music download situation, this is not shocking); and, I think, more importantly:


 The business argument against purchasing knock-offs does not resonate with a significant part of the population.


 The 'Get Real' campaign looks like a step in the right direction.  Brand owners need to communicate that manufacturers who aren't concerned with respecting the rights of others, probably don't value customer satisfaction too highly either.


 Most knock-offs are rip-offs.

Can You Trust the People in the Authentication Business?

A not flattering account of financial moves by domain name registrar Register.com (registry operator of the security-oriented .pro top level domain) in the NY Times (registration need).

August 28, 2003

Copyright Registration Services and the Practice of Law

I learned of a 'copyright registration' sevice via a copyright blog, which appeared to recommend the service but overlooked a few details.  ICANN Blog touches on some points.  I would like to add some more.  The service advertises that it reviews the document for 'errors and omissions.'  Would such an error include whether you are claiming copyright in the correct work and in the correct author's name?


In fine print on another site the service claims that it isn't practicing law (I guess because the guy behind the service isn't a lawyer).  I think if you take money for reviewing legal documents for 'errors and omissions,' then you are providing legal advice, whatever you want to call it.  You can call your aunt, your uncle, but she's still your aunt.


Here's the link to the Copyright Office's online registration service.

Will the Rocky Mountain News Start Accepting Ads From Knock-Off Artists?

This column from the Rocky Mountain News recommending the purchase of knock-off products (and encouraging confusion with sentences such as [website] carries BURBERRY when the authors appear to know that the site carries BURBERRY knock-offs) seems somewhat irresponsible


Counterfeit trademarked products are illegal and for good reason. The makers of counterfeit products steal from trademark owners, steal from the government and steal from consumers. Manufacturers of integrity who pay their taxes and honor customer complaints, do not go into business under someone else's name.  Manufacturers of integrity do not copy others designs, and then advertise themselves as being 'inspired' by that designer.


The legal issues raised in promoting infringing products, and the paper's relationship with its advertisers, I leave to the paper.


 

House Hearing on Whois and ICANN

The House Judiciary Subcommitee on Courts, the Internet and Intellectual Property, will hold hearings on ICANN and Whois next week.  Rep. Lamar Smith (Texas), the committee's Chair and Rep. Howard L. Berman (California), the ranking Democrat wrote to Commerce Secretary Donald Evans raising questions about Whois issues.


I find the last two paragraphs of page two of the letter of particular interest, as they state that ICANN is aware of registrars' systematic non-compliance with their accreditation agreements, and mention ICANN's apparently conscious decision to not enforce those agreements.  See "Pornography for Children, Zuccarini, Joker and ICANN'  for background on ICANN's failure to make Joker.com honor its accreditation agreement with regard to the UDRP or accurate whois data. 


More comments on the House hearing here via ICANNWatch.

Apple iTunes Parody




A parody of Apple's iTune site via Ad-Rag.


More agita for Apple here.

That's Some Catch, That Catch-22

I'm getting calls and letters asking me to blog the Abercrombie '22' matter, in which Abercrombie is suing a competitor, American Eagle Outfitters, for its alleged infringement of Abercrombie's claimed common law trademark in the number 22 (arising from use in its HOLLISTER line).  Why this suit is getting press may be due to a popular perception that trademark owners unreasonably take things out of the public domain.  If Abercrombie establshes a monopoly in 22, the rest of us will have to go straight from 21 to 23.


As a trademark case, the issue is not novel.  As Prof. McCarthy notes in section 7.15 of his treatise:



As early as 1882, the courts recognized that numbers, like any other visual symbol, could function as a mark:

[I]f for a long period of time he had used the same figures in combination, as "3214," to distinguish his own goods from those of others, so that the public had come to know them by these numerals, he would be protected (citation omitted).


Numbers, like any symbol, are capable of being descriptive of the goods on which they are used, and thus require proof of secondary meaning for protection or registration. For example, the mark "76" used by Union Oil Co. was held to be descriptive of gasoline in that 76 is within the range of numbers used to indicate octane and Baume ratings of gasoline.  Similarly the mark "pH 3.5" was held descriptive of the degree of acidity of a drug. (citations omitted).


My unscientific speculation is that Chanel's trademark, No. 5, is the most famous number trademark.  Pizzeria Uno's trademark lawyer has contacted me to suggest that UNO is the most famous number trademark.  Levi's owns 501 and 505 (it shares 505 with a cleaning solution).  And let's not forget 007.


Abercrombie will or will not be able to establish that it has acquired secondary meaning in 22 as its trademark. Assuming it can, Eagle is or is not infringing that trademark.  A possibly relevant fact is that Abercrombie reportedly has sued Eagle three times recently (and lost each time). 


A case of a manufacturer, Fubu, that was able to prove that it had secondary meaning in a number trademark, 05, was reported here, here.

August 26, 2003

Time to Look at IcannWatch

Check out IcannWatch today.  Good pieces on upcoming Congressional hearings, the domain name indsutry's tendency to pre-sell things that don't exist (to people who don't want them), a voting system for domain names, .name's second bite at the apple, and the UDRP.

Nouveau Blog En Français Sur Les Marques Et Noms De Domaine

SANS BLOG!, is a new French-language blog written by Sylvain Hirsch, of IP TWINS, a French naming, domain name and trademark registration firm.  Sylvain is in the avant garde of French trademark lawyers with regard to the Internet - check out the site.

Suit Withdrawn. Parting Shots on Fox v. Franken

Three things on Fox v. Franken:


1.  AP is reporting that Fox has withdrawn its suit.


2.  A well-known trademark lawyer floated the provocative but unprovable idea on the INTA list that the Supreme Court and other appellate courts have been ruling against trademark owners recently because of high-profile suits such as this where trademark owners, (accurately or not) can easily be portrayed as abusing trademark law (and another well-known trademark lawyer wrote in to agree).


3.  Clients come to us in part because of our judgment.  If we are thinking "In bringing this particular suit in this particular manner, the client exposes itself to risk greater than that of the complained-of act" and we do not communicate that thought effectively to the client, then we are cheating the client.

Meme Watch: JELLY KELLY

The Jelly Kelly meme keeps replicating, here's more from the Gothamist with a picture of Sarah Jessica Parker carrying what appears to be one.  Thanks to KGH for the link.


Question for discussion among branding consultants and trademark lawyers.  What are customers thinking?


1.  I would never buy a real KELLY bag by Hermes now because all those tacky people have the fake.


2.  Some day I will buy a real KELLY bag to prove that I've made it.


3.  If Hermes would come out with a $250 version of the JELLY KELLY, I would buy it to be assured of the quality.


4.  I'm going to wait for the $20 version of the JELLY KELLY to appear at the flea markets.


5.  All of the above.


 


 

August 23, 2003

Fox Motion Against Franken Denied - Court Holds Claim "Wholly Without Merit."

Yahoo is reporting that District Court Judge Chin has denied Fox' motion for an injunction against the Al Franken book "Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them," stating that Fox' claim was "wholly without merit, both factually and legally."


Yahoo also reports that Franken's publisher has added another 50,000 copies to the print run of the book.  Thanks to Mad Kane for the alert on the decision.


Update: Reuters coverage of oral hearings here


Fox lawyer: "This is too subtle to be a parody."


Franken's lawyer (1st Amendment expert Floyd Abrams): "There is no way that any person not completely dense would be confused by this cover to think that Fox was accusing O'Reilly of being a liar."


Judge:  "There are hard cases and easy cases.  This is an easy case."


Update:  FoxNews reports on a story of its own devise.

August 22, 2003

Anyone Can Make An Adhesive Container Cap Consisting Of Four Flat Wings

Federal Circuit case upholding dismissal of trademark application of Pacer Technology (makers of Super Glue) to register the shape of its adhesive container cap, consisting of four flat wings. The PTO showed absence of distinctiveness by proffering design patents with drawings for somewhat similar caps.  Note: the PTO drawing of the application drawing is illegible.  The decision contains a nice clear drawing of the adhesive container cap.

DORAL Brand City, For All Your City Needs

This is the kind of story that gets picked up and reported with a "The world is going to hell in a handbasket" tone.


Accordiing to the New York Lawyer, the DORAL GOLF RESORT AND SPA is protesting the use of DORAL by the newly incorporated city of Doral, Florida.  It's not clear from the article, but the Doral Resort is not necessarily protesting the use of DORAL as the name of the city, but rather its licensing of competing businesses that would use the name.


Information on Doral, Florida here.

Rollover Samurai. Now Play Dead.

How Appealing reports that Consumer Union has filed cert to appeal a Ninth Circuit decision holding it liable for product disparagement for an article it ran saying, among other things, that the Suzuki Samuria rolls over easily.  This from the dissent:


"Judge Graber also complains that CU said the Samurai rolls over "easily" when, in fact, it had to be "coaxed." Concurrence at 6512. She apparently fears that readers might assume the Samurai rolled over with no "coaxing" at all. But no one could be so misled. Even tremendously unsafe vehicles roll over only in extreme maneuvers. No one reading that the Samurai rolls over "easily" would infer it routinely flops over with no human intervention.

Saying a consumer vehicle rolls over "easily" is like saying a particular NBA player is "terrible." The adjective is inherently relative because the reference group is already extreme. A "terrible" professional athlete is one who's terrible relative to his peers, not relative to the population at large or a class of third-graders. Likewise, the mental image conjured up when one hears the Samurai rolls over "easily" is not of some oopsy-daisy clown car, but a vehicle that rolls over easily relative to other vehicles in its class. And, since all vehicles require some coaxing to roll over, Judge Graber’s fear--that readers might be duped into thinking they'll come out of the supermarket to find that their Samurai had flopped itself over in the middle of the parking lot--is a specter of her own creation. Even ignoring the rollover during break-in and the tip on the long course--not to mention the NHTSA complaint and the media coverage--CU was plainly justified in concluding that, given the alternatives, the Samurai's rollover propensity was more than what safety-conscious consumers should be willing to bear. And that's exactly what any reader would understand it to have said."

August 21, 2003

More on Jelly Kelly and Birkin Bags

Apparently the Hermes Kelly bag was named after Grace Kelly.  This and other free association to the subject of knock-off handbags here, via the Gothamist.  Thanks to RW for the link.

Arthur Helton

When I was in law school, I assisted in editing an article on human rights by Arthur Helton.  I was saddened to read here that Mr. Helton was among those killed in the bombing of the U.N. headquarters in Baghdad.  From the article in New York Lawyer today:


"A human-rights activist and adjunct professor at Columbia Law School, Mr. Helton dedicated his professional life to working with refugees and recommending ways to ease their plight. He was in Baghdad to assess humanitarian conditions in Iraq, and he is believed to have been with U.N. Special Representative for Iraq Sergio Vieira de Mello, who was also killed, when the bombing occurred.

In 1994, Mr. Helton founded and then directed the Forced Migration Projects at the Open Society Institute. For 12 years before that, he directed the Refugee Project at the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights. He joined the council staff in 1999. In 2002, Mr. Helton received the Award for Distinction in International Law and Affairs of the New York State Bar Association. "

Thomas and the Theft of Trade Secret

Given that I have spent what seems like $500,000 on Thomas the Tank Engine stuff over the past few years, this case was extremely disturbing.


Two guys made wooden trains and track.  They are encouraged to go to the NY Toy Fair where they are immediately met by Learning Curve, holders of the licensee for Thomas the Tank Engine trains and track.  Learning Curve likes the guys' stuff and sends people to meet with th right emafter the Toy Fair.  The meeting takes place purusant to a confidentiality agreement.


At the meeting Learning Curve complains that it is doing poorly selling track.  Some toy stores would carry the Thomas trains but not the track, carrying their competitor, Brio's stuff only.  The guys suggest that maybe the tracks should make noise, and they demonstrate to the Learning Curve people that if you cut grooves in the track, they make a 'clickedy clack' sound.  They suggest that they call it clickedy clack track (those of you with kids know where this story is heading now).  The Learning Curve guys take the prototype track back with them.


Two years of failed negotiations later, the guys are in a toy store one day and see Learning Curve's Clickedy-Clack Track.


The Seventh Circuit has now held that this may be appropriate for exemplary damages under Illinois trade secret law.


From now on I am buying Brio or some other compatible track.


Learning Curve v. Playwood, 02-1916 (7th Circuit August 18, 2003)

Google's Calculator Feature

Some may not be aware that Google has a calculator feature.  If you type in 1800*250 then Google returns 400,000. Yesterday I was looking for a case with the civ number 96-1206 and Google returned -1100 (and the case).

What Fresh Hell Awaits Us . . .

. . . when we open our email these days.

August 20, 2003

Management vs. Labor - Can You Sue Me Me Now? Good.

Two readers emailed me not with the Sobig virus but with links to a NY Times article about Verizon and the union with whom it is embroiled in a contract dispute.  Verizon sued the union for using the trademark phrase CAN YOU HEAR ME NOW? in a conference call and the union has counter sued Verzion for listening into the conference call.  Really.


One reader supplied the link with the comment "pretty damn silly" and the other with the comment "unbelievable."


However, unions and management suing each other on trademark is a time-honored sideshow to labor disputes.  In Brach van Houten Holding v. Save Brach's Coalition, 856 F. Supp. 472, 31
USPQ2d 1786 (ND Ill 1994) (no online version available), the trademark owner sued the union for using the BRACHS mark to name an ad hoc anti-management group, and in International Assn of Machinist and Aerospace Workers v. Winship Green Nursing Center,  96-1206 (1st Cir. Dec. 30, 1996), the union sued the trademark owner for using the union's trademark in infoarmtional material during the dispute.

I'm Setting A Limit on the FAIR AND BALANCED Pieces

Note to self: Add to list of things to advise clients of before bringing trademark lawsuit. Someone might publish song parody targeting the trademark that client brought the suit to protect in the first place.

One of the Greatest Trademark Infringement Schemes Ever Perpetrated, Maybe.

Jupitermedia is holding a search engine conference.  In this account of the conference, a speaker appears to referring to this fact pattern:



For example, Google or Overture might suggest to an advertiser who pays to use the term "running shoes" to also add Nike, Adidas or New Balance to their search terms, to help them get more visibility. And on Google, the advertiser who bid on the term "running shoes" -- who could be a retailer, a rival shoe-maker or a discounter - might automatically have its ad appear when a customer enters the term "Nike running shoes."


when he says:



"Arguably, (Google and Overture) are facilitating one of the greatest trademark infringement schemes ever perpetrated," [said] Jeffrey Rohrs, a strategist at digital marketing firm Optiem and former practicing intellectual property attorney. . .


Hmmm.  I would be interested in confirmation that the paid search companies suggest to advertisers that they purchase keywords consisting of trademarks.


As for running an ad of someone who bought RUNNING SHOES as a keyword when someone types in NIKE RUNNING SHOES, the question for discussion is: how is this different from the Yellow Pages running the display ad for Hertz on the page with Avis' listing.


Shameful self-promotion: I will speaking on this topic at this conference.

I'm Afraid I Can't Tell You Where To Buy Jelly Kellys

The Trademark Blog had the highest number of hits ever yesterday, not from people seeking trademark information or the SoBig Virus patch, but from people Googling the phrase JELLY KELLY (the unauthorized rubber version of the much more expensive Hermes Kelly bag) .   While it would have been nice (and more lucrative) to sell some of those people bags, I'm afraid I would get the cold shoulder at the next trademark guild meeting.


In view of the overwhelming demand for a good-looking $150 bag, the question arises: can a luxury goods manufacturer recapture some of this money left on the table.  What if Hermes had authorized its own version of a Jelly Kelly?  

This is What Hardball Looks Like

A Fox News article today on a previous Franken mis-deed.


The Fox News article on the original spat between Franken and O'Reilly that has reportedly led to the trademark suit.

August 19, 2003

LVMH Sues Fashion Express re MURAKAMI Bags

Via Vogue.com, Louis Vuitton has sued Fashion Express Inc and its Canadian counterpart, Aldo Group. The suit alleges infringement of the patterns on bags designed in collaboration with Japanese artist Takashi Murakami, in particular the famous Monogram Cherry Blossom pattern and the Monogram Multicolore.  LVMH obtained a temporary restraining order last Thursday.

Ninth Circuit Decision re Recovery of Attorneys' Fees


The parties (here and here) fought over the right to use the name TRADITIONAL CAT ASSOCIATION, which, apparently, disseminates breeding standards for cats.  Trademark, copyright, conversion, defamation and other causes were brought.  The Copyright Act provides for recovery of attorneys' fees for the copyright and related claims.  The District Court had held that some fees were incurred in relation to unrelated fees, and denied the motion for recovery without seeking to apportion those fees incurred in connection with the copyright and related claims.  The Ninth Circuit held that the refusal to attempt an apportionment was an abuse of discretion.  It remanded the case for a determination as to the portion of the fees attributable to the copyright and related claims.


Traditional Cat Association v. Gilbreath, et. al., No. 01-56595 (9th Cir. Aug. 19, 2003).

Virus Information

Today's virus is the W32.sobig.F@mm virus which is a mass emailing virus with subjects such as "wicked screensaver" and "your application." Symantec has information here.


Not as serious is the Amish Virus which operates by an Amish person saying to you:


"You have just received the Amish virus. Because we don't have computers this virus works on the honor system. Please delete all the files from your hard drive and manually forward this virus to everyone on your mailing list. We thank thee."


 

Eben Moglen on the GPL License

Many of you wrote in last week to comment on SCO's attorney's argument regarding the alleged unenforceability of the GPL license.  Now, Eben Moglen, General Counsel of the Free Software Foundation, gives his views, courtesy of CNET News.com.  Preview: SCO's argument was 'arrant, unprofessional nonsense.'  Thanks to Dennis Kennedy for the link.

The Fair and Balanced Trademark Blog

A suggestion that all bloggers change their blog names to include the term 'fair and balanced' here.  Bill O'Reilly's take on the Franken lawsuit here, in which he says that "The accusation that Fox is a conservative network is pure propaganda."  Basic elements of propaganda here.  Another essay  here, listing common propaganda methods:


  • The Name Calling Device
  • The Glittering Generalities Device
  • The Transfer Device
  • The Testimonial Device
  • The Plain Folks Device
  • The Card Stacking Device
  • The Band Wagon Device
  • The Missing Information Device

  • By the way, Al Franken has a new book coming out.


     

    August 18, 2003

    Two Palms

    According to this CNET News.com article, the company formerly known as Palm, will divide into an operating software company named PALMSOURCE and a hardware company named PALMONE.

    August 16, 2003

    Law Firm Name Confusion

    I definitely confused after reading this NY Lawyer article about the name of Johnnie Cochran's law firm.

    August 15, 2003

    No Sunshine After Sunrise for .PRO

    Via ICANN.blog, an excerpt from Register.com's SEC filing indicating that there doesn't appear to be a launch date for the new .PRO top level domain name.


    Previous misinformation on .PRO's sunrise period that I unwittingly circulated here.

    How President Bush Can Be So Certain It Isn't Terrorism



    The Simpsons Nuclear Powerplant Playset with Radioactive Homer is available here.

    New IP Blog

    Infringing Actions, an IP blog by Kelly Talcott, a litigation partner at Pennie & Edmonds.

    I Have So Much Confidence In Our Readiness Plans For a Biological Attack

    It's interesting how as an alternative to a single-point-of-failure model our electric system has developed a "pretty much anywhere in the eastern U.S. point-of-failure" model.


    We went swimming, we lit candles.  I'm glad Pampers don't need electricity.


     

    Blogging in the Dark


    Interesting account of '65 blackout here.

    August 14, 2003

    What Does Franken's Book Say That Fox Is Going After Him Like This? I Can't Wait to Read It.

    Here is the complaint in the Fox v. Franken case.  Fox says that its star commentator O'Reilly has a distaste for name-calling in political analysis in para. 36.  Fox calls Franken 'shrill and unstable,' a 'C-level political commentator' who is 'increasingly unfunny,' that he 'appeared either intoxicated or deranged' at a dinner, that he 'is not a respected voice in journalism,' that he lacks insight, and is a parasite, in para. 77.


    Franken's book, "Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them: A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right," can be ordered on Amazon, and will be in bookstores soon

    SCO Challenges Validity of GPL in Linux Case

    In an article entitled: "Linux Lawsuit Could Undercut Other 'Freeware,' the Wall Street Journal (p. B1) reports on SCO's copyright infringement lawsuit against IBM.  IBM appears to be making a licensee estoppel argument, arguing that SCO, who had signed the General Public License regarding the software, cannot make claims regarding that software.


    SCO's law firm is Boies Shiller (Napster's old firm), and its lead attorney is quoted as saying that "by allowing unlimited copying and modification, [the GPL] conflicts with federal copyright law, which allows software buyers to make only a single backup copy.  The GPL 'is pre-empted by copyright law.'"


     

    Sex Sells

    SCORE for adult magazines obtained an injunction against. SCORCH for adult magazines, in the UK, via IPKat.

    August 13, 2003

    The Al Franken Book is 17 bucks on Amazon

    Best line on the Fox v. Franken suit so far courtesy of Ernie the Attorney:



    I confess I know nothing about marketing and publicity, but maybe Fox would be better off if they just registered their news show as a candidate for the California gubernatorial election.


    More good lines, including Franken's initial response here.


    Remember, the name of the book is "Lies and Lying Liars Who Tell Them," the author is Al Franken, and it is available for pre-order on Amazon.



     

    From Our Emailbag

    Several blog pieces have drawn responses from the loyal readership.  Recurring themes from my email this week include:


    -Fox must be on crack (alternate - Is it possible to bring a cancellation action against Fox' FAIR AND BALANCED registration on misdescriptiveness grounds?);


    -That looks more like a Newf than a black Lab;


    -Where can I get a Jelly Kelly?


    -World's Tiniest Digital Camera!!

    It's a Dog vs. Dog World


    Four people emailed me within 5 minutes about this dispute regarding the Black Dog Tavern of Cape Cod and Precious Paws, which desires to sell clothing.  Black Dog is claiming rights in the silhouette of a black lab.  Coverage here and here.


    Black Dog Tavern homepage here. Precious Paws homepage here.


                          .

    Hermes Birkin Bag v. Rubber 'Satire'




    NY Times article on Hermes, maker of the (starting at) $5000 Birkin bag, suing the importer of a $150 rubber bag that is referred to as a 'satire,' 'amusement' 'fake rubber Birkin,' 'knock-off' and 'trade dress infringement' in the article.  The rubber version is probably the more practical choice on a rainy day.  Hermes has a smaller bag known as the Kelly and the rubber 'version' is known as the Jelly Kelly.


    Interesting tidbit:  According to the article, Hermes has a Kirkland and Ellis paralegal spending 10 to 20 hours a week scanning eBay for Hermes knock-offs.


    Interesting tidbit #2:  Ebay is selling some Birkin Bags for $25,000 and some for $25.  Hmmm.


    Interesting tidbit #3: If you put in BIRKIN BAG as a keyword on Google, the first sponsored link (just now) was an ad for eBay that had nothing to do with Birkin Bags (see here for context).

    August 12, 2003

    Al Franken Has A New Book Coming Out With A Funny Title


    The Washington Post reports that Fox News has filed suit against Al Franken, for whom the 80's were named, author of the book "Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them: A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right."  Fox claims that the book seeks to trade on Fox' trademark FAIR AND BALANCED and the cover of Fox personality Bill O'Reilly's book.  In its complaint, Fox allegedly refers to Franken as unstable and shrill. 


    You can pre-order Al Franken's book on Amazon.

    Your -Inside Is Out

    An article from the Journal News (my local paper) about Intel filing an opposition against a local psychic who filed an application for SPIRITINSIDE for spirtual advisory services.  Intel filed on the basis of its INTEL INSIDE and INSIDE family of marks.  Psychics aside, a trademark search of -INSIDE marks predict that Intel aggressively polices -INSIDE marks.  The article quotes yours truly.


    A previous INTEL INSIDE matter here.


    Once not obscure, today somewhat obscure title reference here.

    August 11, 2003

    Haiku vs. Spam

    Copyrighted Haiku used to stop spammer.  Story here via The Register.

    More on EBAY and GOOGLE and Keywords

    A ZDNet article about EBAY asking Google to remove various keyword terms incorporating the EBAY mark such as "eBay selling," "eBay power seller" and "eBay management software."  Background here.

    August 10, 2003

    FOOD IS LOVE v. SHARE THE LOVE for Lobsters


    From the Boston Herald:



    Jasper White, owner of the popular Jasper White's Summer Shack restaurants, who trademarked the phrase ``Food is Love,'' says rival Red Lobster executives ripped off his idea and turned it into their ``Share the Love'' campaign.


    Red Lobster's roll-out of its campaign here.  Summer Shack menu here.  Lyrics to Rock Lobster here.

    August 09, 2003

    TOYS R US v. TOYS AREN'T US


    Interesting UK trademark opposition reported by IPKat.  The National Canine Defense League filed for TOYS AREN'T US and Design in connection with its fundraising activities.  Geoffrey Inc., owner of the TOYS "R" US trademark, opposed.  Its successful argument appears to have been that:



    " . . . TOYS "R" US mark would become associated in the minds of the public with cruelty to animals, particularly as the NCDL campaigned on emotionally charged and politically contentious issues such as the destruction of dogs and puppy farming . . . The applicant’s use would bring wholly unwanted associations to a mark that had to maintain an appeal to children and parents alike in order to remain successful, even though consumers would know the opponent had nothing to do with cruelty to animals. The fact that the NCDL had laudable objectives and campaigned against the unpleasant activities was likely to be lost on consumers."


    Furthermore, according to IPKat:



    NCDL was also found to have registered its mark in bad faith because it adopted a mark that was calculated to bring the TOYS "R" US mark to mind without considering the effect on Geoffrey’s business (even though it had no subjective intent to cause them harm). Such disregard for the consequences of its actions fell short of the standards of acceptable commercial behaviour.


    Consider the difference between one advertising campaign using WE AREN'T TOYS with one using TOYS AREN'T US.  The second gets some of its magnetism' from the mental association to the TOYS "R" US mark but also from the wordplay which nullifies any possibility of commercial association.  This case suggests that the UK Trademark Office recognizes dilution as grounds for opposition and uses a likelihood of, rather than an actual dilution standard.


    IPKat concludes with an interesting final queston as to relevance of whether the term in question has become an ingrained part of speech.  As to that, a Google search of the phrase TOYS AREN'T US shows a fair amount of third-party usage.



     

    August 08, 2003

    Surprised It Didn't Happen Sooner

    Had to happen eventually.  The Intellect Law Group has started the Copyright Blog and the Patent Blog.

    August 07, 2003

    EBAY, GOOGLE, Paid Search and Nominative Fair Use


    Because I'm writing an article on the application of trademark law to paid search, in connection with which I have looked at the trademark and relevancy policies of the search engine's paid search programs (such as that of Google's, here and here), this article  from auctionbytes.com (via NameProtect) caught my eye  EBay has apparently requested that Google remove EBAY as a keyword that can be purchased through the AdWord program, thus affecting the EBAY cottage industry.  As one vendor of eBay ancillary software notes, the irony is that EBAY is itself a heavy purchaser of third-party trademarks (the example of GUCCI given in the article appears to have changed - I just put in PRADA and got an EBAY ad). 


    Not only that, but without commenting on the applicability of this provision to eBay, I note that search engines' relevancy policies tend to frown on the purchase of keywords by other search engines (in eBay's defense, it's 'landing pages' do provide information relevant to the searched term).


    This case illustrates the three-way bind that trademark owners, ancillary users, and intermediaries are in.  Representing trademark owners I have encountered situations of unambiguous trademark infringement in sponsored links - competitors of my clients who have purchased my clients' trademarks and used them as the headline of their ads.  The search engine quickly removed the ads (and didn't say to my client - go spend $5000 on a UDRP or $50,000 on a civil action).  I note that these particular clients only asked that the offending ads be removed, not their trademarks be completely taken out of the AdWords program.  However if you type in various famous trademarks into Google, you will see a significant number have no sponsored links, suggesting that they have asked Google to remove their trademarks from the program.


    Now,  it seems possible to draft a sponsored link that makes a fair nominative use of another's trademark.  Asking a search engine to remove the trademark makes all such fair nominative use impossible. 


    On the other hand, does Google want to keep a former Ninth Circuit court clerk on staff, to apply a nominative fair use test to each $30 transaction?  It's a private company and shouldn't be forced to do business that it doesn't want to do (and part of Google's success may be attributable to its pattern of avoiding this kind of headache).  It's easier to remove that particular name from circulation.


    However, as Google and the other providers of paid search become the de facto yellow pages of the Net, this article illustrates that the status quo is somewhat unstable.  Stay tuned.


     

    Free Searching of the Madrid Trademark Database

    The free SchwimmerLegal international metasearch (registration required) allows for searching of the Madrid trademark database alone or as a part of the whole metasearch.

    Absolut vs. Relative Tarnishment


    IPKat takes Absolut to task for its cooperation with 'Sex in the City's fictional ABSOLUT HUNK plot line (see left).  IPKat notes:



    "By associating its ABSOLUT mark and campaign with overt sexual imagery, Absolut has arguably tarnished its own mark, in which case its taking moral high ground in opposing third parties from registering such domain names as absolutbabes.com, absolute-erotik.com, absolutporn.com and absolutpussy.com seems just a tad two-faced."


    I suspect that IPKat is being ironic but I respectfully disagree nonetheless.  Everyone uses sexual imagery and I don't think this is more overt than anything else (after all, the bottle is, as IPKat points out, strategically placed).   More to the point, the Absolut Hunk campaign is fictional, and thus the use is tarnishing only if you miss the joke.


    There is a market distinction between such 'overt' sexual imagery and pornography.  This is something that the Judge in the Playboy/Netscape case overlooked as well, when she said that Playboy couldn't be tarnished by being confused with hardcore pornography because it's sold in the same channels of trade as hardcore pornography (which I don't think is 100% accurate).  Sex in the City and Playboy, if they were movies, would be rated R (or, judging from this year's season, NC-17).  They're not for everbody, but they're mainstream in the sense that there is no stigma.  Hardcore pornography on the other hand, is not mainstream, does have a stigma, and both Sex in the City and Playboy would suffer economic damage if they were labeled as such.  Marketers who push the envelope, still want to stay inside the envelope.


    Disclosure: I used to represent Absolut in a previous life.


     

    What Is This Madrid Trademark Thing Anyway?


    Here's a place to start.  WIPO's booklet: 20 Questions About the Madrid Protocol.  For those of you who have fewer than 20 questions - the Madrid Protocol is an international treaty under which owners of a national trademark application or registration in its home country can 'deposit' that application or registration with WIPO in order to obtain an 'international registration'  That regsitration can then be 'extended' to any other country that is a signatory to the Protocol.  The point of all this is to streamline the process of filing and renewing trademark applications, and can result in significant savings.  The U.S. has agreed to the treaty and starting November 2, you (you Americans that is) can begin filing those Madrid trademarks, and you (you non-Americans who live in the 57 other Protocol countries) can begin extending your International applications to the U.S.


    Map of Madrid courtesy of and copyright Lonely Planet.

    Madrid Protocol Discussion Group

    Carl Oppedahl, who has previously contributed to the Trademark Community (for example he freely distributes his Feathers trademark monitoring software), again performs a community service by hosting a listerv on the Madrid Protocol.  Instructions on subscribing are here.  A warning - he gives Homer Simpson as an example.  Do not subscribe to the list as Homer Simpson, as, Carl tells me, several dozen already have (he may be pulling my leg).

    August 06, 2003

    OSTOCALCIUM v. ASTOCALCIUM in India

    Via Rediff.com, Glaxo prevails before the Delhi High Court.

    INTA's Press Release on the Madrid Protocol

    UNITED STATES JOINS THE MADRID PROTOCOL

    New York, NY – August 5, 2003

    On August 2, 2003 the United States deposited its instrument of accession to the Madrid Protocol with the World Intellectual Property Organization in Geneva. This action signals its official membership to the treaty. The U.S. membership will take effect three months after the deposit, on November 2, 2003, to allow time for other treaty members to prepare for the acceptance of Madrid applications both to and from the United States.

    “This is a great day for trademark owners,” says Kathryn Barrett Park, the president of the International Trademark Association (INTA). “For more than a decade, INTA has worked tirelessly to overcome obstacles to U.S. membership. Trademark owners will now have the option to use the International Registration system to protect their trademarks in all of the 59 Madrid Protocol-member countries with only one application, in one language and with one set of fees in a single currency.”

    The Madrid Protocol is a treaty that facilitates the international registration of trademarks. On October 17, 2002, the U.S. Senate approved an advice and consent resolution paving the way for final action on legislation to implement the treaty, which was signed into law on November 2, 2002. Since then, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has sought comment on draft rules for the filing and processing of Madrid applications. Final rules are expected to be released in the near future. With the deposit of the accession documents, the USPTO will begin accepting Madrid applications on November 2, 2003.

    For more information about the Madrid Protocol, visit
    www.inta.org/madrid, or call INTA Public Affairs at +1 212-642-1749.

    Toyota v. Geely in China and the U.S.


    Toyota seems to be upset by the Chinese car maker Geely Merrie's logo, shown above.  This article indicates that Toyota has sued Geely.  Interestingly, this ad for U.S. importation of the Merrie supports Toyota's claims that Geely is falsely stating that the car has a Toyota engine.


    In other Chinese carmaker trademark news, this article describes GM's complaint that the Cherry QQ copies the design of its Spark.

    August 05, 2003

    "On Trail of Fake Rolexes, Lawyers Feel Harassed."

    "The Informer Talked. Endlessly" an article from today's NY Times (free registration required) regarding an informant who harrassed Rolex's outside anti-counterfeiting counsel.